Camino
The Camino Francès to Santiago de Compostela
The history, legends, development and infrastructure of the stations along the Spanish Camino de Santiago through Navarre, Castile, León and Galicia to the shrine of Saint James at Compostela
The Camino Francés: Saint Michel to Estella
According to the medieval text known as the Pilgrim’s Guide, the Road to Santiago de Compostela known as the Camino Francés passed over the Pyrenees. It was so named because it reached Spain from French territory and was the principal conduit for pilgrims to journey from the rest of Europe to the remote shrine of Santiago in Galicia.
The Camino Francés: From Borce to Puente la Reina
According to the text, pilgrims who used the Toulouse Road from France entered Spain over the central Pyrenean pass of the Somport
The Camino Francés: Estella to Burgos
The twelfth century Latin text, the Pilgrim’s Guide, which described the road to Santiago de Compostela known as the Camino Francés, directed pilgrims through Navarre and Castile to the city of Burgos.
The Camino Francés: Burgos to León
The Pilgrim’s Guide, the twelfth century Latin text which determined the course of the road to Santiago de Compostela known as the Camino Francés, describes the road between Burgos and León.
The Camino Francés: León to Compostela
The Pilgrim’s Guide, the medieval Latin text which charted the course of the Camino de Santiago informs us that before entering León the road passed over the Río Porma via a bridge.
The Jacobus and the Camino: Of the names of towns on this road
In the almost exclusively non-literate culture of the medieval world, the production of a manuscript answered a need to fix and define an oral tradition simultaneously conferring the status of authenticity on the material contained within.
The names of those who restored the road
The development of the Camino was a major enterprise supported by influential and wealthy interests.
Sancho el Mayor and the Camino
The Historia Silense and the Cronica Najerense, two twelfth century monastic chronicles of Spanish history, both record that it was Sancho el Mayor who around the year 1030 was the first Hispanic ruler to actively take a hand in the pilgrimage road to Santiago de Compostela.
Early Royal Patronage of the Camino: After this valley lies the land of the Navarrese which abounds in bread, milk and livestock
The practice of royal patronage established by Sancho el Mayor to encourage the development of the pilgrimage road was certainly a trend continued by his successors.
Four Roads to Puente la Reina
The large Romanesque bridge which gives its name to the Navarrese town of Puente la Reina is eloquent testimony to the important flow of pilgrims that were travelling from France to Compostela by the first half of the eleventh century.
Sahagún and the relics of Saint Facundus and Saint Primitivus
Sahagún lies on the banks of the Cea river on the Castilian meseta between Fromistá and León. The rather empty and desolate place today belies its medieval status as one of the most important monastic centres in twelfth century Spain. The town took its name from the abbey of San Facundo e Primitivo.
San Martín de Tours de Frómista
According to the Pilgrim’s Guide, Frómista was reached after six days journey from the Pyrenees
Estella
In 1090 Sancho Ramirez ruler of the joint kingdoms of Navarre and Aragon established the new town of Estella on the banks of the Ega river, thereby moving the pilgrimage road three kilometres south of the Roman road which had been its previous course.
Río Salado
The Compostelan pilgrim encountered poisonous waters and the treacherous Navarrese at the Río Salado. Chapter six of the Pilgrim’s Guide is devoted to the many rivers pilgrims would encounter on their journey and which had water that was potable and which were poisonous.
León
The city of León was situated at the confluence of two major Iberian Roman transport arteries; the north south road from Baetica to Asturias met the road from Pamplona heading west towards Galicia. At this important intersection the Roman seventh legion had been stationed, protecting the plains from the Cantabrian tribes.
Santo Domingo de Silos
A short distance south of Burgos in Castille, the Benedictine monastery of Santo Domingo de Silos has a double storied cloister which contains on its north eastern pier one of the most sublime images of the pilgrimage roads.
Roncevaux
Roncevaux and the pilgrimage road were bound to each other in an essential way. In order to enter Spain, pilgrims had to cross the Pyrenees.